The buying process

Once you have decided to buy a home it’s time to start looking. This page has information about the buying process. Here are some places you will find homes for sale:

• Realtor.ca is the national multiple listing database and has all the listings in Canada in one, easy-to-use website.
• Newspapers and real estate magazines are found in the lobbies of real estate offices, the supermarket and even as inserts in your home delivered newspaper.
• “For Sale” signs in front of properties are there so you can see what is for sale in your desired neighbourhood.
• New development sales offices are a good place to see available models. (Note that you may be asked to sign a registry which will exclude your real estate agent from participating in the offer.)
• Call a REALTOR®

Useful search tips

• Make a wish list and use it to keep track of each property you visit.
• Take pictures when viewing homes so you can reference them or get a second opinion.
• Be critical when viewing homes: View it at different times of the day, talk with the neighbours, look deeper than surface details.
• Ask if the home has an energy rating.
• Check local area statistics and trends at the CMHC website.

Make an Offer to Purchase

When you have found a home you would like to buy the next step is to formally present the owner with an “offer to purchase”. This offer is usually conditional on financing, home inspection and other areas that your REALTOR® may suggest. The offer gives the owner some assurance that you are serious about purchasing the property. When conditions are removed the contract is said to be “unconditional” and is a binding offer. A typical offer to purchase may look like this:

• Initial offer is made with conditions for inspection of premises and condo minutes and financing.
• Vendor returns the offer with a slightly higher price (or different possession date, higher deposit, etc.).
• You may or may not return the offer with amendments and changes.
• The vendor may or may not accept the offer.

Obtaining a Mortgage

You should always obtain a pre-approval from a lender or mortgage broker before entering negotiations. Your offer to purchase will always contain the clause “subject to financing” as a safe-guard for your benefit (unless you are paying cash for the property). Be aware that a pre-approval isn’t a promise to advance a mortgage, only an approval in principal based on the qualifications you presented at the initial application. Your lender may require a property appraisal, land survey, and other information about the property to confirm that it is worth the purchase price.

Depending on your income source and down payment you may qualify for a conventional or high ratio mortgage.

Conventional mortgage

This is a loan equal to or less than 80% of the property’s lending value. The lending value is the market value or the purchase price, whichever is less. This type of mortgage does not require mortgage insurance.

High-ratio mortgage

This is a loan for an amount greater than 80% of the lending value. The maximum ratio is 95% loan to value. This type of loan requires mortgage insurance at rates based on the total amount down.

Mortgage term and amortization

The term is the length of time for the mortgage conditions and ammortization is the total length of time the payments are spread over. For example, you might have a five year mortgage with a 25 year ammortization. Your payments will be based on 300 months and the contract will need to be renewed with a lender after five years.

Payment schedules

You can choose a payment schedule that is convenient and efficient for your situation. More frequent payments can reduce the overall interest paid to the lender and shorten the ammortization time. It may be convenient for you to choose a payment frequency similar to your pay cheques.